All research areasResearch area 3.1

Climate Trade & Carbon Governance

Research and policy intelligence on CBAM, carbon markets, ESG, and international carbon management.

CBAM represents one of the most significant developments in climate-related trade policy. It links carbon emissions with international market access and introduces new expectations regarding emissions measurement, reporting, and transparency — covering steel, aluminium, cement, fertilizers, hydrogen, engineering products, and future exposed sectors.

Research themes

  • Export competitiveness
  • Emissions accounting
  • Verification systems
  • Supply-chain transparency
  • Industrial decarbonization
  • Trade diplomacy and market access

Emissions measurement, climate-risk assessment, reduction strategies, energy transition planning, and net-zero pathways.

Key areas

  • Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions
  • Climate-risk management
  • Carbon accounting
  • Energy efficiency
  • Renewable energy integration
  • Transition planning

ESG has become a strategic consideration for investors, regulators, and businesses. Policy Action Lab examines the evolution of ESG frameworks, disclosure expectations, and implementation challenges.

The three pillars

  • Environmental — climate strategy, emissions reduction, circular economy
  • Social — human capital, workforce development, human-rights due diligence
  • Governance — board oversight, accountability, transparency

Explores the relationship between carbon pricing, emissions trading systems, climate-trade measures, carbon markets, Article 6 mechanisms, and international competitiveness.

Research areas

  • Carbon pricing
  • ETS systems
  • Carbon markets and credits
  • Article 6 cooperation
  • Climate-trade regulations

Strategic research programs under this area

01

Climate Trade Program

02

Carbon Markets Program

03

ESG & Sustainable Finance

04

Industrial Decarbonization

05

International Economic Policy